DoD PFAS Contamination: Scope and History
The Department of Defense is responsible for PFAS contamination at more than 700 military installations where aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) was used for decades. DoD contamination affects drinking water for millions of Americans near military bases.
Congressional Action and NDAA Requirements
The National Defense Authorization Acts of 2020, 2021, and 2022 imposed PFAS cleanup mandates, AFFF phaseout timelines, and reporting requirements on DoD. Congress appropriated over $1 billion for PFAS cleanup activities through FY2024.
Cleanup Challenges
DoD faces technical challenges in soil and groundwater remediation at complex sites with co-contaminant mixtures. PFAS destruction technologies including supercritical water oxidation and electrochemical advanced oxidation are under DoD research contracts.
Off-Base Contamination and Liability
Pentagon-sourced PFAS contamination of private wells and municipal water systems creates significant legal liability. DoD has established alternative water supply programs for affected communities pending long-term remediation.