Ocular Health and Environmental Chemical Exposures
The eye is a highly vascularized organ with specialized barrier systems that are nevertheless vulnerable to environmental toxicants. PFAS compounds have been detected in vitreous humor, corneal tissue, and tear film.
Retinal and Optic Nerve Effects
PFAS disrupt retinal pigment epithelium function and may impair cone photoreceptor maintenance. Animal studies show PFAS exposure alters electroretinogram responses, suggesting functional retinal toxicity at environmental exposure levels.
Aqueous Humor and Intraocular Pressure
PFAS affect aqueous humor dynamics by altering ciliary body secretion. Some studies suggest associations between PFAS exposure and elevated intraocular pressure, a risk factor for glaucoma development.
Occupational and Clinical Screening
Ophthalmologists in regions with PFAS water contamination should consider environmental exposure history in patients presenting with early-onset retinal or glaucomatous changes. PFAS-aware occupational health screening programs may be warranted.