Endometriosis and Hormonal Regulation
Endometriosis affects 10–15% of reproductive-age women, causing chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Estrogen-dependent growth of ectopic endometrial tissue is central to disease pathogenesis, making it sensitive to endocrine disruptors.
PFAS as Estrogen Mimics
Several PFAS compounds exhibit weak estrogenic activity, binding to estrogen receptors and altering gene expression. Studies link higher serum PFAS levels with increased endometriosis diagnosis rates in cross-sectional analyses.
Inflammatory Pathways
PFAS promote peritoneal inflammation by elevating prostaglandins and inflammatory cytokines. This inflammatory milieu creates permissive conditions for ectopic endometrial implantation and survival.
Fertility and Treatment Considerations
Women with endometriosis seeking fertility treatment may benefit from PFAS exposure assessment. Reducing exposure through clean water and PFAS-free food packaging could support hormonal balance and treatment outcomes.