Bottled Water: A PFAS-Free Alternative?
Many consumers turn to bottled water as an alternative to PFAS-contaminated tap water. However, bottled water regulations—overseen by FDA rather than EPA—historically lacked PFAS-specific testing requirements, creating a regulatory gap.
FDA Bottled Water Regulations
FDA sets bottled water standards that mirror EPA tap water standards under the Safe Drinking Water Act. As EPA establishes MCLs for PFOA, PFOS, and other PFAS, FDA will be required to align bottled water standards accordingly within two years.
Current PFAS in Bottled Water
Independent testing by Consumer Reports and Environmental Working Group found measurable PFAS in several bottled water brands, though concentrations were generally below EPA MCLs. Brands using reverse osmosis treatment consistently showed lower PFAS levels.
Labeling and Consumer Information
Bottled water labels include water source information and annual quality reports, but PFAS testing results are not typically disclosed on product labels. Consumer advocacy groups push for PFAS disclosure on bottled water labels to enable informed consumer choice.